• Secret
    • Opaque Secret
      • 将Secret挂载到Volume中
      • 将Secret导出到环境变量中
    • kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson
      • Service Account

    Secret

    Secret解决了密码、token、密钥等敏感数据的配置问题,而不需要把这些敏感数据暴露到镜像或者Pod Spec中。Secret可以以Volume或者环境变量的方式使用。

    Secret有三种类型:

    • Service Account :用来访问Kubernetes API,由Kubernetes自动创建,并且会自动挂载到Pod的/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount目录中;
    • Opaque :base64编码格式的Secret,用来存储密码、密钥等;
    • kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson :用来存储私有docker registry的认证信息。

    Opaque Secret

    Opaque类型的数据是一个map类型,要求value是base64编码格式:

    1. $ echo -n "admin" | base64
    2. YWRtaW4=
    3. $ echo -n "1f2d1e2e67df" | base64
    4. MWYyZDFlMmU2N2Rm

    secrets.yml

    1. apiVersion: v1
    2. kind: Secret
    3. metadata:
    4. name: mysecret
    5. type: Opaque
    6. data:
    7. password: MWYyZDFlMmU2N2Rm
    8. username: YWRtaW4=

    接着,就可以创建secret了:kubectl create -f secrets.yml

    创建好secret之后,有两种方式来使用它:

    • 以Volume方式
    • 以环境变量方式

    将Secret挂载到Volume中

    1. apiVersion: v1
    2. kind: Pod
    3. metadata:
    4. labels:
    5. name: db
    6. name: db
    7. spec:
    8. volumes:
    9. - name: secrets
    10. secret:
    11. secretName: mysecret
    12. containers:
    13. - image: gcr.io/my_project_id/pg:v1
    14. name: db
    15. volumeMounts:
    16. - name: secrets
    17. mountPath: "/etc/secrets"
    18. readOnly: true
    19. ports:
    20. - name: cp
    21. containerPort: 5432
    22. hostPort: 5432

    将Secret导出到环境变量中

    1. apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
    2. kind: Deployment
    3. metadata:
    4. name: wordpress-deployment
    5. spec:
    6. replicas: 2
    7. strategy:
    8. type: RollingUpdate
    9. template:
    10. metadata:
    11. labels:
    12. app: wordpress
    13. visualize: "true"
    14. spec:
    15. containers:
    16. - name: "wordpress"
    17. image: "wordpress"
    18. ports:
    19. - containerPort: 80
    20. env:
    21. - name: WORDPRESS_DB_USER
    22. valueFrom:
    23. secretKeyRef:
    24. name: mysecret
    25. key: username
    26. - name: WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD
    27. valueFrom:
    28. secretKeyRef:
    29. name: mysecret
    30. key: password

    kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson

    可以直接用kubectl命令来创建用于docker registry认证的secret:

    1. $ kubectl create secret docker-registry myregistrykey --docker-server=DOCKER_REGISTRY_SERVER --docker-username=DOCKER_USER --docker-password=DOCKER_PASSWORD --docker-email=DOCKER_EMAIL
    2. secret "myregistrykey" created.

    也可以直接读取~/.docker/config.json的内容来创建:

    1. $ cat ~/.docker/config.json | base64
    2. $ cat > myregistrykey.yaml <<EOF
    3. apiVersion: v1
    4. kind: Secret
    5. metadata:
    6. name: myregistrykey
    7. data:
    8. .dockerconfigjson: UmVhbGx5IHJlYWxseSByZWVlZWVlZWVlZWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGx5eXl5eXl5eXl5eXl5eXl5eXl5eSBsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbG9vb29vb29vb29vb29vb29vb29vb29vb29vb25ubm5ubm5ubm5ubm5ubm5ubm5ubm5ubmdnZ2dnZ2dnZ2dnZ2dnZ2dnZ2cgYXV0aCBrZXlzCg==
    9. type: kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson
    10. EOF
    11. $ kubectl create -f myregistrykey.yaml

    在创建Pod的时候,通过imagePullSecrets来引用刚创建的myregistrykey:

    1. apiVersion: v1
    2. kind: Pod
    3. metadata:
    4. name: foo
    5. spec:
    6. containers:
    7. - name: foo
    8. image: janedoe/awesomeapp:v1
    9. imagePullSecrets:
    10. - name: myregistrykey

    Service Account

    Service Account用来访问Kubernetes API,由Kubernetes自动创建,并且会自动挂载到Pod的/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount目录中。

    1. $ kubectl run nginx --image nginx
    2. deployment "nginx" created
    3. $ kubectl get pods
    4. NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
    5. nginx-3137573019-md1u2 1/1 Running 0 13s
    6. $ kubectl exec nginx-3137573019-md1u2 ls /run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
    7. ca.crt
    8. namespace
    9. token